What does the "torque effect" in an aircraft entail?

The torque effect in an aircraft is primarily associated with the reaction forces that occur when the engine and propeller rotate. Specifically, torque is the rotational force generated by the engine as it turns the propeller, resulting in a counteracting force that tries to rotate the aircraft in the opposite direction of the propeller's movement. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced in single-engine aircraft, where the engine is mounted on the front of the plane.

When the engine spins the propeller clockwise (as viewed from the pilot's position), the aircraft will experience a tendency to roll to the left due to the torque effect. This is a direct consequence of Newton's Third Law of Motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, the correct understanding of the torque effect focuses on this counteracting force stemming from the internal parts of the engine and their influence on the aircraft's orientation and control.

The other options describe scenarios that do not accurately capture the nature of the torque effect caused by propeller rotation.